Tender

 Tender

A tender is a formal invitation to accept an offer, such as a takeover bid or a call for bids on a project. This phrase often describes how the federal government and financial entities submit invitation bids for major projects. There is a deadline for submitting these bids. When shareholders deliver their shares or securities in response to a takeover bid, this is referred to as tendering or tendering.

 Additionally, the shareholders get a tender offer, which is regarded as a public solicitation to all shareholders asking them to sell their shares for sale at a particular price during a particular time frame. This tender offer typically costs more than the shares' current market value to persuade the shareholders to release a particular number of shares.

 The opposite is a request for tender or RFT, a formal call to suppliers to submit competitive bids for the delivery of goods, services, and raw materials. In the private sector, the request for proposals, or RFP, is most frequently used to refer to the request for tenders, or RFT. These requests enable potential bidders to react to the issuer's demands.

 India currently has a well-structured e-tender procedure to guarantee that the job to be done for the government or a specific customer is done fairly and effectively. For these reasons, the majority of institutions have set regulations that govern how decisions are made and which bids to accept, as well as a specific procurement that is carried out according to a clear method. The sellers will be carefully opened, assessed, and chosen in a fair and transparent manner.

 There are several different types of tenders available in India, including term and open tenders, as well as selected and serial tenders. Let's go over each of these tenders one by one to understand what they all entail.

Open tender, The open tender method, which is a primary tender technique, is accepted by both the public and commercial sectors. The client or customer publicly posts the tender along with certain important information about the proposed work on an e-tender platform or in a newspaper in order to draw in interested contractors and suppliers. This is considered the most common type of tender.

Selective tender, To overcome the shortcomings of the open tender process, the selective tender was established as a substitute. This tender aims to improve the quality of bids submitted while also ensuring that contractors with the necessary experience have the proper chances to submit the appropriate proposals on time. serial contract. 

Serial tendering is a more sophisticated or hybrid tendering procedure that mixes discussion with a standard competitive tender. This open competition may consist of one stage or two stages. The majority of clients that have a lot of stages of similar work choose this method of tendering. 

Negotiated Tender,, A lot of the engineering and construction industries employ negotiated tenders. This is so because pre- and post-contract negotiations are common in these businesses. Term contract This kind of tender is typically used for substantial projects that need a lot of upkeep.

 Through this tender, the contractor is requested to take care of particular structures or constructions in various areas

Impression Management Case Study

 IMC University and the A grade - An Impression Management case study 

IMC is a well-reputed university pan-India. It is well known for its strict curriculum and dress code policy. It aims to get an A-grade accreditation by the end of this year, 2022. A clean environment, calm atmosphere, and active participation in social work activities are distinctive features of the university. It has been 50 years since its establishment, and the management has handled the impression management of the institute very well. Every year, multiple students across India give interviews and entrance exams for this university. The university's alums have always given a positive impression about the academics and facilities provided by the university. The management and the faculty were confident about getting a good grade in the upcoming evaluation. IMC university never claimed to be the best, but it always considered itself one of India's bests. 

When the accreditation board came to examine for the most prestigious grade, however, the university needed help to stand up to its set standards. Even though members of the institute did not leave any loophole in the hospitality of the examiners, somehow, they needed help to meet their expectations. Soon, the university team enquired about what went wrong in the evaluation process and sought scope for improvement. The panelists and examiners pointed out that student interaction could have been better. Many students were unhappy with the university's functioning, so the panel had to go with what the students were saying about the institution. Getting to know about this feedback was quite concerning for the university directorial board because it had an impression that the students were very content with the facilities and academics at the university. Looking at this evaluation, the university feared its reputation would go down compared to the other competing colleges. Recent research on IMC university students on the parameters of stress and anxiety was shocking. Students faced extreme burnout from multiple assignments and the bulk of co-curricular. Keeping up with everything going on in the university was something the students feared. This research concluded that even though IMC university has an impression of being one of the universities with a calm and serene environment, the student's mental health has not been taken care of. This could be one of the possibilities of not getting the desired accreditation by the Pan-India University Grading board. 

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Questions 

1. How did IMC university maintain its impression all through these years?

2. What, according to you, went wrong during the grading process?

3. Did IMC university miss some blind spots while maintaining its impression and accreditation? 

4. What did the panelists find out about the University through the students?

Answers 

1. A clean environment, calm atmosphere, and active participation in social work activities are distinctive features of the university. It has been 50 years since its establishment, and the management has handled the impression management of the institute very well. Every year, multiple students across India give interviews and entrance exams for this university. The university's alums have always given a positive impression about the academics and facilities provided by the university. The management and the faculty were confident about getting a good grade in the upcoming evaluation. IMC university never claimed to be the best, but it always considered itself one of India's bests. 

2. Recent research on IMC university students on the parameters of stress and anxiety was shocking. Students faced extreme burnout from multiple assignments and the bulk of co-curricular. Keeping up with everything going on in the university was something the students feared. This research concluded that even though IMC university has an impression of being one of the universities with a calm and serene environment, the student's mental health has not been taken care of. This could be one of the possibilities of not getting the desired accreditation by the Pan-India University Grading board. 

3. Yes, it did miss a few blind spots, like taking care of students’ mental health. It also did not take students' feedback regularly. 

4. When the accreditation board came to examine for the most prestigious grade, however, the university needed help to stand up to its set standards. Even though members of the institute did not leave any loophole in the hospitality of the examiners, somehow, they needed help to meet their expectations. Soon, the university team enquired about what went wrong in the evaluation process and sought scope for improvement. The panelists and examiners pointed out that student interaction could have been better. Many students were unhappy with the university's functioning, so the panel had to go with what the students were saying about the institution. 

Testimonials

 Testimonials of the Insta-CU app

Apoorva Pvt. Lmt. 

Bangalore, India

7638299273

apoorva@hmail.com

Hello! I am Apoorva, a student at Christ University, and I have been using the Insta-CU app for a month now. It took a lot of work to get down the block during the 8-minute break we used to get in between classes, as my class was on the third floor. After the app is used by all the canteens and students of our college, the hassle has been reduced. Our order is ready when we are at the counter, along with our order number, and we take it without delay. I am satisfied with the app's functions and recommend it to everyone. 

Vinayak

Bangalore, India 

1234782900

vinayaks@gmail.com

Greetings! I am Vinayak, a budding entrepreneur from Christ university, and i have been looking for app ideas that i can further invest in. Insta-CU was the right app to invest on. It is student-friendly and has a huge profit gain as student and food businesses will always be running. Even though it is a student startup idea, it has many scopes of going to every university. Similar code and programming can be sent to other institutions, and this app can be made Pan-India. As an investor, because of its promising outcomes and student engagement, I recommend Insta-CU to everyone. 

S.V.Vaishnavi

Bangalore, India 

9809875438

svvaishnavi@gmail.com

Good day! I am Vaishnavi. I run an eatery at Christ University, Bangalore. I have recently installed the Insta-CU app for my counter. It gave my counter a refreshing and clutter-free look. Usually, during breaks, students arrive at the shop and create a mess all over the place. I would not blame them because the break is short, and kids feel hungry. Through this app, I am keeping the food ready and their order number in the hot case as students order it beforehand. This app has made life easier for the bakers and shopkeepers at Christ University. 

Leon Sajan 

Bangalore, India

9090827462

leon@gmail.com

Hello! I am Leon, a student at Christ University. I have been using the Insta-CU app for two months now, and I am a person who needs help adapting to technology and apps. Using apps has always been a pain. I usually look forward to the user manual and instructions before using the app. To my surprise, Insta-CU had sleek and crisp instructions in its user manual, which helped me understand the app's instructions efficiently. I am content with the app services and the way it is designed. It is very user-friendly, and I would recommend it to all students of Christ University. 

Kishore Selva Babu 

Bangalore, India

899027889

ksb@gmail.com

Hello! I am Kishore, one of the faculty members of Christ University. I am one of the first professors to use this app, and it has been my pleasure to do so. I would like to talk about the innovative idea the student came up with through this app. We stay in a world run by technology, but we as a university need help to reduce the chaos caused during the lunch hour. Even though, not completely removed the rush at the eateries, the Insta-CU app has reduced the crowd to a noticeable extent. As a faculty, I would like to recommend this app. 

Case Study for Book

 Task Conflict in Personal Space

COVID’s “personal” attack

What is task conflict?

Task conflict happens when a group of people who work/exist together is having trouble completing a work given to them. It can happen in the workplace, at home, or anywhere there is work involved. For example, in a workspace, if different cultured people work together on the same project, there is a possibility that there will be a difference of opinion because they belong to different cultures and may have different opinions. If this conflict is handled wisely, all the cultures together can come up with a unique task. 

In a personal space, task conflict can occur when there is a disagreement between partners, parent-child, or siblings, and resolving that conflict is crucial. 

Case/Conflict

Parties Involved 

• X (a girl studying in grade 12)

• X’s mother (Pre-Primary Incharge)

• X’s father (Associate Manager in MNC)

• X’s sister (Grade 8 student) 

This case study shows a task conflict in X's family during the Covid-19 pandemic. When the pandemic hit the entire world, task conflicts arose in families across the globe because everyone was at home and had to do everything on their own. X had a family of 4 people. X's mother worked as a HOD of Pre-Primary in a school who's pressure was doubled due to classes going online. X's father worked as an Assistant Manager in an MNC and required internet access all the time in order to stay connected to his work online. X is a student in grade 12 and most of her time goes into studying and speaking in all her classes. X also has a younger sister who is in grade 8. She is a proactive student and participates in all the extra-curricular activities for her holistic development. Everything was going smoothly until the following conflicts occurred :

1. Internet connection conflict - Due to the pandemic of 2020, everything has gone online, from schools to offices. The business of Internet Service Providers stormed up the roof. According to Forbes, internet usage had jumped over 70% in the initial months of the pandemic, and this was because the whole world opted for online streaming services. In X's family, everyone used the internet, and action was required. Unfortunately, there was a conflict because all of them used platforms like Cisco Webex, Zoom, and Google Meet, which required high internet usage. Even after increasing the data supply, the classes or meetings always lagged, making it a huge conflict, as reflected in the family members' behaviors. This task conflict of being unable to perform tasks affected the peace of the personal space. 

2. Task Conflict - All four members had their own responsibilities, and because of this pressure, they had trouble having family time. Their tasks were conflicted because the other members worked. For example, X's mom engaged with Pre-Primary kids who needed much attention, so she had to be very loud with her tone of voice. In contrast, X's father needed peace at home because he continuously conducted employee meetings. Any disturbance in the house would make him mad because his office meetings were being disturbed. 

X and X's sister used to attend their classes in the same room causing total chaos even with the headphones on. When one person was speaking, the other could not. This had been an enormous task conflict. 

The task mentioned above conflicts were the cause of frequent arguments in the personal life of X. The family tried many ways to solve the conflicts, but little benefited them. This continued till online classes had come partially come to an end when X had passed her 12th grade and was educationally idle. The family tried to solve these issues by increasing the internet speed, installing noise-canceling walls, and making each other understand that everyone is in this together. There were external factors like negativity due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the news and environment which also affected their mood. Another solution was to divide time slots to each person for speaking or teaching, which eventually did not work out because all the schedules crashed. 

The consequences of this task conflict in the personal life of X were evident. There was friction between the family members as they were constantly frustrated because their work was not being done. The internet conflict also affected the work ethics of the family members. For example, X and her X's sister needed more time to submit assignments as they were constantly distracted during classes. X's father faced reputation issues in his office space, as every time he was in a meeting with his colleagues, there was much chaos in the background. 

Questions

1. What tasks were conflicted in the above case study?

2. What conflict resolution skills would you use in order to resolve this permanent conflict caused in X's family 

3. How would you make the family members understand the conflict?

4. How does X solve this personal conflict more effectively because they have to stay with the same family, and this problem is re-occurring?

5. How would you resolve the internet connection conflict? What skills, apart from conflict resolution, would you use? 

6. In situations like these, should there be pre-made rules and policies? Remember that the temperament of all the family members suggests rules you would make.

7. List out the consequences and challenges of this conflict. 

User Manual

 

Brochure

 

Circular Submission

 Circular

 CU/2022/CSA/756

The Center For Social Action is conducting its annual flagship event, ‘Milan-2022’ on February 20th. This event will last 3 days as the children will stay on campus in various locations. The students must maintain decorum in the campus keeping in mind that there will be children from the project areas roaming around. The staff is requested to be mindful of their surroundings and make children feel at home. The food canteens will run normally, and students are expected to continue segregating their waste, setting an example for our project area children. 

The management and the team of CSA seek your cooperation and support in making this event memorable for the children and everyone involved. 

9 Nov 2022

SK 

Copy to Students and Staff of all Courses and Programs. 

Resume

 SUKHJEET KAUR SANDHU 

Bangalore, India| +91 7702463452 | sukhjeetkaurr13@gmail.com | https://www.linkedin.com/mwlite/in/sukhjeetkaursandhu 

__________________________________________________________________________________________

EDUCATION

Christ (Deemed To Be) University | Bangalore, India

Bachelor of Arts in Journalism, Psychology, and English Literature                       2021 - Expected June 2024          

LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE 

Student Representative of CSA (Center For Social Action) | Christ University                          June 2022-Present 

Head of Project Matram 

• Collaborate and generate ideas to educate 250 children in a project area taken over by CSA in rural parts of Bangalore. 

• Introduce new modules to the teaching session that could improve teaching quality. Headed an initiative named “Guru-Shishya sessions,” which provided children with sex education; handled public relations and event management.  

• Improve strategic planning skills by collaborating with the rest of the wings and projects of CSA; devise solutions and goals to progress in areas like brotherhood, recruitment, fundraising, grades, and chapter participation. 

• Manage a budget of Rupees 10,000 deposit revenue from fundraisers, fill out reimbursements, handle the payment of volunteers and companies.

Feel The Beat 2.0 of Department of Media Studies| Bangalore, India                                     January 2022- March 2022

Student Co-ordinator

• Oversee the public relations aspects of the series of guest lectures; manage to engage 80 students with established Journalists.

• Collaborate with other executive board members to strategically plan for upcoming lectures, recruit members, book halls, and create fundraisers. 

• Lead and coordinate other team roles, general body meetings and general interest meetings with fellow board members

Center for Social Action| Christ University, Bangalore                           August 2021-April 2022

Treasurer, Volunteer                                                                                             

• Engage in interactive relationships with several children from 4 to 16 years old to enrich their academic and social lives

• Brainstorm and assist in coordinating volunteer opportunities with the rest of the executive board: Carlisle After School Program, and Food Recovery Program 

• Manage the club’s yearly budget and preside over any financial actions of the club 

• Moderated and led an online session on ‘Equity and Quality Education' and informed over 40 students about the importance of imbibing the new education policy.

WORK AND INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE

Times Of India| Hyderabad, India                                                                                               March 2019- April 2020

Trainee, Intern

       ● Stepped into the field of Practical Journalism while being trained in a 3 weeks summer internship. 

       ● Explored and Brainstormed ways to improve print journalism along with being able to editorial publish articles in it.

       ● Certified as a ‘Student Reporter’ by the Times Of India. 

Telangana Today| Hyderabad, India                                             June 2022-July 2022

Editorial Intern

• Wrote articles covering the entertainment, food, travel, and fashion industry. Engaged the audience with quality content and new angles to news stories.  

• Got published thrice on the second page as the newspaper's lead story. Brainstormed ideas to improve the paper's content by communicating with the editors and sub-editors.   

• Interviewed Star Chefs and Patisierres while a story coverage and went on-field with one of my fellow interns. We got applauded for our efforts and our story was published the next day.

The Teen Magazine|Bangalore, India                                                                                                         May 2022-Present

Writer 

• Pitched in ideas that gather attention of the teens and got it approved by the editors of the online magazine. 

• Published first article titled, “Reasons your first semester of college will suck. Let’s get familiar!” and got praised by the editor along with many young adults. 

• Working on new pitches every month in order to polish my writing skills on a regular basis.

Psychology Association | Christ (Deemed to Be) University, Bangalore.                                    February 2022 - March 2022

Content Writer 

• Researched and elaborated on the theories of psychologist Sigmund Freud for the Annual "Perspective Magazine"

SKILLS AND LANGUAGES

Computer Skills: Microsoft Office Suite (Word, Excel, PowerPoint), Adobe Premiere Pro ( Basic), Python (Basic), Canva, Python 

Languages: English, Hindi , Punjabi, French (Basic Level)

Skills - Blog writing, communication skills, designing, public speaking, dancing, creative writing

Memo

 Date: Nov 3, 2022 

To: All Students of the Department of English & Cultural Studies

 From: Sukhjeet Kaur  (Administrative Assistant) 

Subject: Upcoming computer training seminar

The Department of Computer Science is hosting a basic computer training program from 9-1 pm on Nov 14, 2022. Attending this seminar is mandatory and will be worth 4 hours of extracurricular attendance. The seminar will take place in the Assembly Hall of Block 2; participants must bring their stationery.

 This skill enhancement initiative is being organized to train students in computer programming and software skills keeping in mind the diversity of skills required for today’s generation. Prof Kishore Babu will facilitate this seminar from the Department of Computer Science, and students will be provided with refreshments. 

A brochure containing more details and the registration form has been attached below. Students who can't attend have to inform their class teachers in advance.

Thank you, 

Keywords: mandatory seminar, computer training, brochure attached

Impression Management

 Impression Management

Various species on earth, including the homo sapiens, tend to leave an impression on a person after work. We all have several perceptions about things around us, which are formed by the experience we gather from our past. We will favor or rebel against the situation according to the previous impressions they left us with. Something similar happens in cooperate life. The term used to describe leaving an impression, consciously or subconsciously, both positive and negative, on a person to get the work done is called Impression Management. 

The main purpose of Impression is to showcase a person's social position in society. Various theories explain Impression Management. The prominent theories are by Goffman and Jones & Pittman. According to Jones & Pittman’s way of interpretation, there are five impression styles. Each style is mentioned in a testing scale known as the Impression Management Style (IMS) Scale made by Bolino & Turnley (1999), which was based on the five self-presentational styles identified by Jones and Pittman (1982): self-promotion (trying to be viewed as competent), ingratiation (trying to be viewed as friendly and nice), exemplification (trying to be viewed as morally exemplary), intimidation (trying to be viewed as threatening), and supplication (trying to be viewed as helpless and weak). (Impression Management, 2015)

From the five styles mentioned above on the Impression Management Style (IMS) Scale, we witness every style in our workspaces. A person who pretends to be competent just to get noticed falls into the category of people who do self-promotion. According to a database of a management school where this test was conducted among 94 students, the Mean of the people who chose self-promotion was 3.40. Similarly, the data fluctuates for other styles depending on the workspace environment. 

“First impression is your last  impression.” There is a reason why everyone asks us to be cautious about our first impressions in a new environment. The human brain quickly withdraws conclusions when it gets information about a new object. A good impression is subjective; hence, it can be both rewarding and problematic for oneself. 

For example - If you are new in a workspace with a pre-made hierarchy, like in a technical company, it will be challenging to make a benchmarking impression. You must try ways of making an impression on your colleagues or boss using different styles. In this case, you can either use the style of self-promotion or ingratiation. If you get noticed with this impression, there are two ways a person will think of you. Either your work ethic aligns with someone very active in their work, or you are grabbing unnecessary attention to get things done.

 

Another example from the corporate world is the massive hype about the APPLE brand. Apple software iOS brand has a lower quality than leading android brands like SAMSUNG. Due to its impression management system, it has still managed to top the charts of sales in a few countries. The style of impression APPLE uses is exemplification and intimidation. It pretends to be the king in the market, and through its marketing strategies and selective target audience, it has managed to retain its impression of being the best.

Along with these examples, there are many daily life examples where we can observe the importance of Impression Management not only in our personal life but also in the corporate and marketing world. 

References 

• Impression management. (2015). Science Direct. Retrieved October 6, 2022, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/impression-management

Conflict Resolution Case Study

 ORGANIZATIONAL CONFLICT 

CASE

Jeet worked in Purple, which worked for a social cause. She held a position where she was responsible for an adopted project area. The organization she worked for was divided into different wings and projects. There were four wings and two projects. Jeet had two co-heads, Harish and Vedika. All three formed a strong team and were relentlessly working for the betterment of the organization and their project area. They tried to engage in activities of other wings and projects, taking it as their responsibility to support other leaders. 

After a time of one month, the three leaders, Jeet, Harish, and Vedika started to feel side-lined by other leaders of the organization. When they used to go and ask for a budget for their events, the person responsible for budgeting always took their reasons negatively. There was clear discrimination from the organization's side regarding supporting Jeet’s work. Despite all the hurdles, Jeet and the team tried their best to conduct a few events independently. 

Apart from Purple, Jeet was doing an internship in another organization for better experience and income. Her teammates were also doing the same, as Purple did not pay them enough. Jeet was an ambivert who spoke to a selected set of people. Even then, she tried to keep in touch with every person in Purple. She went out partying, planned future events, and helped the organization to prepare for an excellence certificate. 

Despite all the efforts, she could not connect with the rest of the leaders, creating a huge communication barrier between them. The other leaders did not support Jeet’s project even though Jeet showed enthusiasm and support for them. There was no reciprocation; instead, there was unnecessary criticism. Eventually, Jeet stopped getting the required budget for her programs even after her team pleaded with the organization. There was a situation of conflict where the purpose of the organization was lost, and it became a toxic place to work in. 

Later, after Jeet spoke with HR, he later said that the other organization members thought that her behavior was intimidating. They said she did not hang out with them, so they did not like talking to her, hence the side lining. The budget did not get approved because other members snitched her to the manager of Jeet’s imbalanced work ethic. She worked in another organization, so they did not consider her loyal. This affected Jeet, and it made her resign from the organization. 

PARTIES INVOLVED 

1. Jeet

2. Harish

3. Vedika

4. Purple (Organization)

5. The other organization

6. Other leaders

7. HR

PROBLEM 

1. Other team members did not try making a bond with Jeet because she worked in another other organization too. 

2. The manager was influenced by his juniors

3. Lack of communication from other team members

4. Lack of interest in resolving the conflict

5. Failure of the organization to create a safe space for their employees

6. Non-flexible mindset of office staff

7. Lack of support from the organization side to support the future events

8. Less work on cause and more focus on superiority complex

SOLUTION 

Many scholars like Janjua (2002) divide the conflict into three types. The first type is Conflict between individuals, which may happen from many organizational factors. The most common factor is the differences between personalities and personally interesting. Some may be because of the difference of opinions about the matter related to work or from each other, especially if there is a difference between the individuals' levels at work (Organizational Climate, 2009).

1. Jeet could have spoken up to HR way before she did.

2. Proper research about an organization should be done beforehand. Speaking to senior employees could be a plus point because they can give an overview of the environment and work ethic of the organization.

3. Jeet did not confront fellow employees about their behavior because she was an ambivert. Confronting may have helped.

4. If she was facing a problem with the budget, she could have done fund raising activities and raised her budget

5. She could have managed her finances and personal life better if she gave her hundred percent to Purple instead of splitting her time in two work lifes